The Guide for the Perplexed, en
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THE GUIDE FOR THE PERPLEXED
BY MOSES MAIMONIDES
TRANSLATED FROM THE ORIGINAL ARABIC TEXT
BY M. FRIEDLANDER, PH.D
SECOND EDITION
REVISED THROUGHOUT
1904.
Note: This book was scanned and ocr'ed by Andrew Meit
and David Reed.
CONTENTS
Life of Maimonides
Moreh Nebuchim Literature. Analysis of the Guide for the
Perplexed
PART I.
Introduction--
Dedicatory Letter
The Object of the Guide
On Similes
Directions for the Study of this Work
Introductory Remarks:
I The homonymity of Zelem
II On Genesis iii.5
III On tabnit and temunah
IV On raah, hibbit and hamb
V On Exod. xxiv.10
VI On ish and ishihah, ah and ahot
VII On yalad
VIII On makom
IX On kisse
X On 'alah, yarad
XI On yashah
XII On kam
XIII On'amad
XIV On adam
XV On nazah, yazah
XVI On Zur
XVII On Mishnah Hagigah ii.1
XVIII On karab, naga', niggash,
XIX On male
XX On ram, nissa
XXI On 'abar
XXII On ba
XXIII On Yaza, sbub
XXIV On halak
XXV On shaken
XXVI On "The Torah speaketh the language of man"
XXVII On Targurn of Gen. xivi. 4
XXVIII On regel
XXIX On 'azeb
XXX On akal
XXXI, XXXII On the Limit of Man's Intellect
XXXIII to XXXVI On the Study and the Teaching of Metaphysics
XXXVII On panim
XXXVIII On ahor
XXXIX On leb
XL On ruah
XLI On nefesh
XLII On hayyim-mavet
XLIII On kanaf
XLIV On 'ayin
XLY On shama'
XLVI, XLVII On the Attribution of Senses and Sensation, to God
XLVIII The Targum of shama' and raah
XLIX Figurative Expressions applied to Angels
L On Faith
LI-LX On Attributes
LI On the Necessity of Proving the Inadmissibility of Attributes in
reference to God
LII Classification of Attributes
LIII The Arguments of the Attrilltists
LIV On Exod. xxxiii. 13; xxxiv. 7.
LV On Attributes implying Corporeality, Emotion, Non-existence
and Comparison
LVI On Attributes denoting Existence, Life, Power, Wisdom and
Will
LVII On the Identity of the Essence of God and His Attributes
LVIII On the Negative Sense of the True Attributes of God
LIX On the Character of the Knowledge of God Consisting of
Negations
LX On the Difference between Positive and Negative Attributes
LXI On the Names of God
LXII On the Divine Namea composed of Four, Twelve and
Forty-two Letters
LXIII On Ehyeh, Yab, and Shaddai
LXIV On "The Name of the Lord," and" The Glory of God"
LXV On the phrase "God spake"
LXVI On Exod. xxxii. 16
LXVII On shabat and nab
LXVIII On the Terms : The Intellectus, the Intelligens and the
Intelligibile
LXIX On the Primal Cause
LXX On the attribute rokeb ba'arabor
LXXI The Origin of the Kalam
LXXII A Parallel between the Universe and Man.
LXXIII Twelve Propositions of the Kaldm
LXXIV Proofs of the Kalkm for the creatio ex nihilo
LXXV Proofs of the Kaldm for the Unity of God
LXXVI Proofs of the Kaldm for the Incorporeality of God
PART II.
The Author's Introduction.
The Twenty-Six Propositions employed by the Philosophers to
prove the Existence of God
I Philosophical proofs for the Existence, Incorporeality, and Unity
of the First Cause
II On the Existence of Intelligences or purely Spiritual Beings
III The Author adopts the Theory of Aristotle as least open to
Objections
IV The Spheres and the Causes of their Motion
V Agreement of the Aristotelian Theory with the Teaching of
Scripture
VI What is meant by the Scriptural Term "Angels"
VII The Homonymity of the term "Angel"
VIII On the Music of the Spheres
IX On the Number of the Heavenly Spheres
X The Influence of the Spheres upon the Earth manifesto itself in
four different ways
XI The Theory of Eccentricity Preferable to that of Epicycles.
XII On the Nature of the Divine Influence and that of the Spheres
XIII Three Different Theories about the Beginning of the Universe
XIV Seven Methods by which the Philosophers sought to prove the
Eternity of the Universe
XV Aristotle does not scientifically demonstrate his Theory
XVI The Author refutes all Objections to Creatio ex nihilo
XVII The Laws of Nature apply to Things Created, but do not
regulate the Creative Act which produces them
XVIII Examinations of the Proofs of Philosophers for the Eternity
of the Universe
XIX Design in Nature
XX The Opinion of Aristotle as regards Design in Nature
XXI Explanation of the Aristotelian Theory that the Universe is
the necessary Result of the First Cause
XXII Objections to the Theory of the Eternity of the Universe
XXIII The Theory of Creatio ex nihilo is preferable to that of the
Eternity of the Universe
XXIV Difficulty of Comprehending the Nature and the Motion of
the Spheres according to the Theory of Aristotle
XXV The Theory of Creation is adopted because of its own
Superiority, the Proofs based on Scripture being Inconclusive
XXVI Examination of a passage from Pirke di-Rabbi Eliezer in
reference to Creation
XXVII The Theory of a Future Destruction of the Universe is not
part of the Religious Belief taught in the Bible
XXVIII Scriptural Teaching is in favour of the Indestructibility of
the Universe
XXIX Explanation of Scriptural Phrases implying the Destruction
of Heaven and Earth
XXX Philosophical Interpretation of Genesis i.-iv.
XXXI The Institution of the Sabbath serves (1) to Teach the
Theory of Creation, and (2) to promote Man's Welfare
XXXII Three Theories concerning Prophecy
XXXIII The Difference between Moses and the other Israelites as
regards the Revelation on Mount Sinai
XXXIV Explanation of Exodus xxiii. 20
XXXV The Difference between Moses and the other Prophets as
regards the Miracles wrought by them
XXXVI On the Mental, Physical and Moral Faculties of the
Prophets
XXXVII On the Divine Influence upon Man's Imaginative and
Mental Faculties through the Active Intellect
XXXVIII Courage and Intuition reach the highest degree of
Perfection in Prophets
XXXIX Moses was the fittest Prophet to Receive and Promulgate
the Immutable Law, which succeeding Prophets merely Taught
and Expounded
XL The Test of True Prophecy
XLI What is Meant by "Vision"
XLII Prophets Received Direct Communication only in Dreams or
Visions
XLIII On the Allegories of the Prophets
XLIV On the Different Modes in which Prophets Receive Divine
Messages.
XLV The Various Classes of Prophets
XLVI The Allegorical Acts of Prophets formed Parts of Prophetic
Visions.
XLVII On the Figurative Style of the Prophetic Writings
XLVIII Scripture ascribes Phenomena directly produced by
Natural Causes to God as the First Cause of all things
PART III.
The Author's Introduction and Apology for Publishing, contrary to
the Teaching of the Mishnah, an Interpretation of Ezek. i.
I The "Four Faces" are Human Faces with four different
peculiarities
II The Hayyot and the Ofannim
III Further Explanation of the Hayyot and the Ofannim derived
from Ezek. x.
IV The rendering of Ofan by Gilgal in the Targum of jonathan .
V The Vision of Ezekiel is divided into three stages : (1) Hayyot (=
the Spheres); (2) Ofannim (=Earthly elements); and (3) the man
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