The New Cambridge History of Islam, Cambridge Histories, The New Cambridge History of Islam
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THE NEW CAMBRIDGE
HISTORY OF
ISLAM
*
VOLUME 3
The Eastern Islamic World
Eleventh to Eighteenth Centuries
*
Edited by
DAVID O. MORGAN
and
ANTHONY REID
Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2011
THE NEW CAMBRIDGE HISTORY OF
ISLAM
*
VOLUME
3
The Eastern Islamic World
Eleventh to Eighteenth Centuries
Volume 3 of The New Cambridge History of Islam traces the second
great expansion of the Islamic world eastwards from the eleventh
century to the eighteenth. As the faith crossed new cultural boun
daries, the trader and the mystic assumed as great an importance as
the soldier and the administrator. Distinctive Islamic idioms began
to emerge from other great linguistic traditions apart from Arabic,
especially in Turkish, Persian, Urdu, Swahili, Malay and Chinese.
The Islamic world transformed and absorbed new, vital inuences.
As the essays in this collection demonstrate, three major features
distinguish the time and place both from the earlier experience
of Islam and from the universal modernity of the nineteenth and
twentieth centuries. First, the steppe tribal peoples of Central Asia,
many Turkic, had a decisive impact on the Islamic lands. Second, Islam
expanded along the trade routes of the Indian Ocean and the South
China Sea, in a quite dierent manner fromthe conquests of the heroic
age. And, third, Islam interacted with Asian spirituality, including
forms we today label Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism, Buddhism, Taoism
and Shamanism. It was during this period, and through exploration
across land and sea, that Islam became a truly world religion.
D
avid
O. M
organ
is Professor Emeritus of History and
Religious Studies in the Department of History, University of
Wisconsin Madison. He is the author of The Mongols (2nd edition,
2007) and Medieval Persia 1040 1797 (1988), and is General Editor of
Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization.
A
nthony
R
eid
, formerly Director, Asia Research Institute and
Professor in the Department of History at the National University
of Singapore, is currently Professor Emeritus at the Australian
National University, Canberra. His recent books include Southeast
Asia in the Age of Commerce (2 vols., 1988 93), Charting the Shape of
Early Modern Southeast Asia (1999), An Indonesian Frontier: Acehnese
and Other Histories of Sumatra (2004)andImperial Alchemy: Nationalism
and Political Identity in Southeast Asia (2010).
Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2011
THE NEW CAMBRIDGE HISTORY OF
ISLAM
The New Cambridge History of Islam offers a comprehensive history
of Islamic civilisation, tracing its development from its beginnings
in seventh century Arabia to its wide and varied presence in the
globalised world of today. Under the leadership of the Prophet
Mu
.
ammad, the Muslim community coalesced from a scattered,
desert population and, following his death, emerged from Arabia
to conquer an empire which, by the early eighth century, stretched
from India in the east to Spain in the west. By the eighteenth
century, despite political fragmentation, the Muslim world
extended from West Africa to South East Asia. Today, Muslims
are also found in significant numbers in Europe and the Americas,
and make up about one fifth of the world’s population.
To reflect this geographical distribution and the cultural, social
and religious diversity of the peoples of the Muslim world, The
New Cambridge History of Islam is divided into six volumes. Four
cover historical developments, and two are devoted to themes
that cut across geographical and chronological divisions themes
ranging from social, political and economic relations to the arts,
literature and learning. Each volume begins with a panoramic
introduction setting the scene for the ensuing chapters and exam
ining relationships with adjacent civilisations. Two of the vol
umes one historical, the other thematic are dedicated to the
developments of the last two centuries, and show how Muslims,
united for so many years in their allegiance to an overarching and
distinct tradition, have sought to come to terms with the emer
gence of Western hegemony and the transition to modernity.
The time is right for this new synthesis reflecting develop
ments in scholarship over the past generation. The New Cambridge
History of Islam is an ambitious enterprise directed and written by
a team combining established authorities and innovative younger
scholars. It will be the standard reference for students, scholars
and all those with enquiring minds for years to come.
Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2011
General editor
michael cook, class of 1943 university professor of
near eastern studies, princeton university
volume 1
The Formation of the Islamic World
Sixth to Eleventh Centuries
edited by chase f. robinson
volume 2
The Western Islamic World
Eleventh to Eighteenth Centuries
edited by maribel fierro
volume 3
The Eastern Islamic World
Eleventh to Eighteenth Centuries
edited by david o. morgan and anthony reid
volume 4
Islamic Cultures and Societies to the End of the Eighteenth Century
edited by robert irwin
volume 5
The Islamic World in the Age of Western Dominance
edited by francis robinson
volume 6
Muslims and Modernity
Culture and Society since 1800
edited by robert w. hefner
Grants made from an award to the General Editor by the
Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, and from the National Endowment
for the Humanities RZ-50616-06, contributed to the development of
The New Cambridge History of Islam. In particular the grants funded
the salary of William M. Blair who served as Editorial Assistant
from 2004 to 2008.
Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2011
cambridge university press
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São Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo, Mexico City
Cambridge University Press
The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb2 8ru,UK
Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York
www.cambridge.org
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521850315
© Cambridge University Press 2010
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception
and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,
no reproduction of any part may take place without the written
permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published 2010
Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge
A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library
isbn 978-0-521-85031-5 Volume 3 Hardback
isbn 978-0-521-51536-8 Set of 6 Hardback Volumes
Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or
accuracy of URLs for external or third-party Internet websites referred to in
this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is,
or will remain, accurate or appropriate.
Cambridge Histories Online © Cambridge University Press, 2011
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